Journal Menu

2026 (Volume 116)

Volume 115 Issue 1

Maintenance-Weighted Biodiversity Return in Singapore Urban Green Spaces: Evidence from Parks and Streetscapes

by
1School of English Language and culture, Xi’an Fanyi University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710105, China

Singapore’s urban green spaces should promote biodiversity and yet be safe, legible, and cheap to maintain. Rapid vegetation growth and regular pruning are likely to reduce insect and bird faunas through reduced flowering, litter, understory, and nesting structures within humid tropical urban green spaces. This paper assesses 13 Singapore urban green spaces comprising 7 parks and 6 streetscapes and determines whether sites having high faunal capacity also generate high biodiversity return when subject to light maintenance activities. Assessment was based on data regarding vegetation density, maintenance class, planted vs. spontaneous vegetation, species richness, Shannon diversity, probable species numbers, and cross-taxon performance for aculeate hymenoptera, butterflies, and birds. Four calculated metrics were considered: composite faunal capacity, low-input biodiversity return, unfulfilled species numbers, and cross-taxon performance. While parks recorded high average composite faunal capacity values (0.765), streetscapes recorded high values of spontaneous vegetation (0.602). Sites maintained under low maintenance conditions produced the greatest biodiversity return, at 0.577, against medium maintenance levels (0.274) and high maintenance conditions (0.152). Current return was greatest for Tampines Eco-Green (0.429), Chuan Lane Park (0.368), NUS Ventus (0.291), and Admiralty Road West (0.241), while those showing low current return included West Coast Park, Jurong Central Park, and Sembawang Hot Spring Park, all of which exhibited greater maintenance release priority. Results indicate that biodiversity amounts and biodiversity returns give contrasting planning signals for tropical urban green spaces.

Service-Reach and Cooling-Load Coupling for Civic Facility Siting in Semi-Arid BenGuerir, Morocco

by
1Faculty of Architecture and Urban Studies Capital Design University Canada
2Department of Environmental Planning Pacific Research University Canada
3Department of Environmental Design Coastal Research University United States

Siting civic facilities in semi-arid settings should take into account both the need to locate facilities within a certain range from the people in terms of access to their services and the fact that some buildings are more sensitive to temperature than others. This analysis of a 29.5 ha plot located in the Green City of BenGuerir in Morocco is based on the data such as program areas, G+ floor configurations, the distance up to which people are willing to travel for certain types of facilities, population density, lighting loads, equipment loads, ventilation and air changes per hour, cooling and heating setpoint temperatures, wall and roof surface heat transfer coefficients, window solar heat gain coefficient, and annual cooling and heating intensities. As the result of calculations, mixed-use facilities demonstrate the highest internal gain intensity (65.28 W m−2), followed by the gymnasium (55.05 W m−2), the police center (49.10 W m−2), the secondary school (45.52 W m−2), and the primary school (43.73 W m−2). At the same time, residential buildings and the polyvalent room show the lowest figures (18.98 W m−2 and 19.15 W m−2). With regard to access requirements, primary schools and mixed-use facilities have the most important priority due to their preferred service distance being 750 m, while masjids and polyvalent rooms are second in order (1200 m). The annual cooling intensity is 51.13 kWh m−2 year−1, while the annual heating intensity is 25.18 kWh m−2 year−1. Thus, the coefficient equals 2.03. The obtained results suggest that high internal gain activities are to be avoided along.

Call for Papers

Landscape Architecture invites submissions for Volume 2026, Issue 3, scheduled for publication in September 2026. The journal welcomes high-quality scholarly contributions that advance research, theory, criticism, and applied knowledge in landscape architecture and related fields.

News

Indexing